Bahasa Inggris

Kali ini kita akan membahas tentang bentuk - bentuk teks dalam bahasa inggris :

1.) Descriptive Text

          Descriptive text is a text which says what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place or thing. 

           Struktur Descriptive Text (generic structure) adalah :

1. Identification (identifikasi) adalah pendahuluan , berupa gambaran umum tentang suatu topik.

2.Description (deskripsi) adalah berisi ciri-ciri khusus yang dimiliki benda, tempat, atau orang yang dideskripsikan.

          Ciri-ciri Descriptive Text :

- Menggunakan simple present tense 

- Menggunakan attribute verb, seperti be (am, is, are) 

- Hanya fokus pada satu objek tersebut.

Example of Descriptive Text about my mother

My Mother

I think that my mother is a beautiful person. She is not tall but not short, and she has curly hair and brown. Her eyes color are like honey and her color skin color light brown, and she has a beautiful smile. Her weight likes 120 lbs.

She is a very kind person. She is very lovely, friendly, patient, and she loves to help people. I love my mom, because she is a good example to me. She loves being in the Church, and she loves sing and dance too.

She is a very good child, wife and mother. She always takes care of her family. She likes her house to be clean and organized. She a very organized person, and all things in the house are in the right place. She doesn’t like messes.

She always has a smile on her face. She is so sweet and lovely. I like when I am going to sleep or went I wake up or when I am going to go to some places, she always give me a kiss, and when the family have a problem she always be with us to helps us and to give us all her love.

2.) Narrative Text

          Narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain people (teks narasi adalah cerita imaginatif yang bertujuan menghibur orang). 

          The purpose of narrative text

The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.

Generic Structures of Narrative Text

1) Orientation

Sets the scene: where and when the story happened and introduces the participants of the story: who and what is involved in the story.

2) Complication

Tells the beginning of the problems which leads to the crisis (climax) of the main participants.

3) Resolution

The problem (the crisis) is resolved, either in a happy ending or in a sad (tragic) ending

4) Re-orientation

This is a closing remark to the story and it is optional. It consists  of  a  moral  lesson,  advice  or  teaching  from  the writer

Example of Narrative Text in the sory Rabbit and Bear

RABBIT AND BEAR

Once upon a time, there lived a bear and a rabbit. The rabbit was a good shot. On the contrary, the bear was always clumsy and could not use the arrow to shoot
.
One day, the bear called over the rabbit and asked the rabbit to take his bow and arrows. Because he was afraid to arouse the bear's anger,  he did not refuse the challenge. He went with the bear and shot buffaloes. He shot and killed so many that there were lots of meats left after.

However the bear did not make the rabbit get any of the meat. Even he could not taste it. The poor rabbit went home hungrily after a day of hard work.

Fortunately, the youngest child of the bear was very kind to the rabbit. His mother bear always gave him an extra large piece of meat but he did not eat it all. He took some outside with him and pretended to play ball with the meat. He kicked the ball of meat toward the rabbit's house. The meat flew into the rabbit's house. In this way, the hungry rabbit got his meal.

3.) Report text

Report text is to report something

          The purpose of report:

is to describe and classify information. reports have a logical sequence of facts that are stated without any personal informal from the writer.

          general structure 

1) General Clasification : statements that describe the common subject of the report, common description, and classification.

2) Description : Tells what the phenomenon under discussion; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or behaviors; This section gives us an overview of commonly occurring phenomenon, either of its parts, its properties, habit, or behavior. The point is, presenting elaboration of scientific classification.

          structure :

1. opening statement

2. serious of fact

3. diagrams, fotographs, ilustrations, and maps

4. report don't have an ending

          language :

1. noun and noun phrase

2. tenses present tense

3. technical term

4. linking verb

5. action verb

6. factual description

Example of report text 

MANGROVE TREE

   

A mangrove is a tropical marine tree. Mangroves have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots which enable them to thrive in brackish water. Brackish water is salty but not as salty as sea water. Mangrove trees are commonly planted and found in coastal areas. Mangroves can serve as walls of protection for natural disaster in coastal area like tsunami. According to BBC News, healthy mangrove forests had helpedsave lives in the Asia disaster tsunami and people tended to respect these natural barriers even more, especially after the tsunami.
There are several species of mangrove tree found all over the world. Some prefer more salinity, while others like to be very-close to a large fresh water source such as river. Some prefer areas that are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with sea water every day during high tide. Other species grow on dry land but are still part of the ecosystem. The Times of India reported that rare species of mangrove had been found and was also known as the looking-glass tree, probably because the leaves are silver-coated.
Mangroves need to keep their trunk and leave above the surface of the water. Yet they also need to be firmly attached to the ground so they are not moved by waves.
Any part of root that appears above the water flows oxygen to the plant under water surface. as the soil begin to build up, these roots procedure additional roots that become embedded in the soil.

4.) Recount Text

          A recount tells about something that happened in the past.Its purpose is either to inform or to entertain the audience. There is no complication among the participants and that differentiates from narrative

          Recounts can be :

• factual, such as a news story
• procedural, such as telling someone how you built something 

• personal, such as a family holiday or your opinion on a subject.

          

Generic Structure of Recount

1. Orientation: Introducing the participants, place and time

2. Events: Describing series of event that happened in the past

3. Reorientation: It is optional. Stating personal comment of the writer to the story.

Language Feature of Recount

• Introducing personal participant; I, my group, etc

• Using chronological connection; then, first, etc

• Using linking verb; was, were, saw, heard, etc

• Using action verb; look, go, change, etc

• Using simple past tense.

          Example of Recount 

My Holiday was Fantastic

Last summer I got a fantastic holiday. I visited some great places.

I went to an airport and was going to fly to Cleveland. I was spending there two days. I liked to see some Cleveland Cavaliers basketballmatches.

Then I went to Hollywood. Hollywood is a famous district in Los Angeles, California, United States. It had become world-famous as the center of the film industry. Four major film companies – Paramount, Warner Bros., RKO and Columbia – had studios in Hollywood. I did not want to leave but I had to.

After that, I went to New York city. I visited the Statue of Liberty. I went from the bottom of Manhattan to the top of the crown. That was very amazing.

The places made me feel at home but I have to go home. Next time I would return to them.

5.) procedure Text                                                                                                                               

          Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of actions or steps. It explains how people perform different processes in a sequence of steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It also uses the temporal conjunction such as first, second, then, next, finally, etc. 

          The generic structures of procedure text are :

1. Goal/ aim : Tujuan dari teks (bisa berupa judul)

·         Dari teks diatas kita sudah tahu tujuannya yaitu 'How to Make a Pencil Box'.

2. Materials : Bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam membuat benda/ sesuatu.

·         Kita bisa menemukan bahan-bahan apa saja yang digunakan untuk membuat pencil box. Bahan-bahannya antara lain : an empty bottle of mineral water, a sharp cutter, a piece of white or colorful paper, some paint and some glue.

3. Steps : Tata urutan/ cara dalam membuat sesuatu dalam teks procedure.

·         Dalam langkah-langkah pembuatan biasanya menggunakan kata sambung/ conjunction seperti first, then, after, finally. Dari teks diatas Steps/ langkah-langkahnya diawali dengan kata sambung first hingga yang terakhir dengan finally. 

language features 

1.     Menggunakan the simple present tense [imperative]

2.     Menggunakan temporal conjunction [first, second, then, next, finally,etc]

3.     Menggunakan action verbs [ stir, add, pour, boil, etc]

          Example of procedure text 

HOW TO MAKE A LEMON TEA

Materials:

·         A glass of tea

·         Two spoonfuls of sugar

·         Ice cubes

·         A slice of lemon tea

Steps:

·         Make the tea a bit strong because when you add the lemon it will get thinner.

·         After the tea is ready, squeeze the lemon according to your own taste.

·         Add some ice cubes, and your iced-lemon tea is read